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Birds of Madagascar

Madagascar has "only" 258 bird species, although 115 of these are endemic (with 36 endemic genera, Madagascar has more unique genera than any other African country. Madagascar also possesses five endemic families of birds).

Madagascar was once home to giant land birds, the largest of which weighed over 1,100 pounds (500 kg) and stood ten feet (3m) tall. Elephant birds (Aepyornis) were driven to extinction in the past couple of hundred years by human hunting, introduced species, and habitat loss. You can still see remnants of their existence in their giant eggs which are reassembled and offered for sale in parts of the country. It is estimated that the 20-pound egg of Aepyornis maximus could make an omelette to feed 150 people (Brown 1978).

Madagascar bird photos

ANGAP bird lists for the following parks:
Andasibe | Ankarana | Masoala | Marojejy | Montagne d'Ambre | Ranomafana

Bird species counts for selected parks:
Ambohijanahary57
Ambohitantely74
Andasibe Mantadia112
Andringitra106
Ankarana92
Bay de baly122
Bemaraha140
Bemarivo73
Bora48
Isalo82
Kasijy67
Maningoza73
Marojejy116
Marotandrano85
Masoala90
Montagne d'Ambre75
Namoroka81
Pic d'Ivohibe77
Ranomafana114
Tsimanampetsotsa72
Zahamena61
Zombitse-Vohibasia85


SpeciesCommon nameOrderFamilyMalagasy nameEndemic
Accipiter henstiiHenst's GoshawkFalconiformesAccipitridaehindryYes
Accipiter madagascariensisSparrowhawk of MadagascarFalconiformesAccipitridaefirasambalalaYes
Acridotheres tristisCommon MynaPasseriformesSturnidaetserikamena
Acrocephalus newtoniMadagascar Swamp-WarblerPasseriformesSylvidaetretreka
Agapornis canaMadagascar LovebirdCharadriiformesPsittacidaeYes
Agapornis Cana madagascariensisMadagascar LovebirdCharadriiformesPsittacidaeYes
Alcedo vintsioidesMalagasy kingfisherCoraciiformesAlcedinidaefamakiakoraNo
Alectroenas madagascariensisMadagascar Blue PigeonCiconiiformesColumbidaevintsialaYes
Anas erythrorhynchaRed-billed Duck (Teal)AnseriformesAnatidae
Anas melleriMeller's duckAnsertiformesAccipitridaeakaka
Anhinga melanogasterOriental darterPelecaniformesAnhingidae
Apus barbatusAfrican swiftApodiformesApodidaeNo
Apus MelbaAfrican black Trip hammerApodiformesApodidaetsidintsidina
Ardea cinereaGrey heronApodiformesApodidae
Ardea humblotiCiconiformesArdeidaevorompotsyYes
Ardea purpureaCiconiformesArdeidaevanoNo
Ardea purpurea madagascariensisCiconiformesArdeidaevanoNo
Ardeola idaeHeron white crabierCiconiformesArdeidaewill takatra
Ardeola ralloidesCiconiformesArdeidaevano
Asio madagascariensisMarsh OwlStrigidaeStrigidaeYes
Atelornis crossleyiRufous-headed Ground-RollerCoraciiformesBrachypteraciidaevorondreoYes
Atelornis pittoidesPitta-like Ground-RollerColumbiformesBrachypteraciidaeharakarakaYes
Aviceda madagascariensisMadagascar cuckoo-FalconCuculiformesEstrididaehitsikitsikala
Brachypteracias leptosomusShort-legged Ground-RollerColumbiformesBrachypteraciidaetsakokoYes
Brachypteracias squamigerColumbiformesBrachypteraciidaeYes
Bubulcus ibisCattle egretCoraciiformesArdeidaevanoNo
Buteo brachypterusMadagascar BuzzardFalconiformesAccipitridaetsiparahorovanaYes
Butorides striatusCoraciiformesArdeidaefony maitsoNo
Calicalicus madagascariensisRed-tailed VangaPasseriformesVangidaehankanaYes
Canirallus kioloidesMadagascar Wood RailGruiformesRallidaetsikirityYes
Canirallus kioloides insularisMadagascar Wood RailGruiformesRallidaetsikirityYes
Caprimulgus enarratusCollared NightjarCaprimulgiformesCaprimulgidaetataroYes
Caprimulgus madagascariensisMadagascar NightjarCaprimulgiformesCaprimulgidaevikivikyNo
Casmerodius albusGreat EgretCiconiiformesArdeidaedomoinaNo
Centropus toulouMadagascar CoucalCuculiformesCuculidaetaitoakaNo
Cisticola cherniaMadagascar CisticolaPasseriformesSylvidaevorombararataNo
Copsychus albospecularisMadagascar Magpie-RobinPasseriformesTurdidaevoromasiakaYes
Coracina cinereaAshy Cuckoo-ShrikePasseriformesCampephagidaefiririnaNo
Coracina spCuckoo-ShrikeCuculiformesCampephagidaeNo
Coracopsis nigraLesser Vasa ParrotPsittaciformesPsittacidaeNo
Coracopsis vasaGreater Vasa ParrotPsittaciformesPsittacidaeNo
Coracopsis vasa vasaGreater Vasa ParrotPsittaciformesPsittacidaeNo
Corvus albusPied crowPasseriformesCorvidaefiririnabeNo
Coturnix coturnixJapanese quailGalliformesPhasianidaeNo
Coua caeruleaBlue CouaCuculiformesCuculidaefandrasaYes
Coua cristataCrested CouaCuculiformesCuculidaetsiparaYes
Coua gigasGiant CouaCuculiformesCuculidaeYes
Coua reynandiiRed-fronted CouaCuculiformesCuculidaetaitsoYes
Coua reynaudiiRed-fronted CouaCuculiformesCuculidaetaitsoYes
Coua ruficepsRed-capped CouaCuculiformesCuculidaeYes
Coua serrianaRed-breasted CouaCuculiformesCuculidaeYes
Crossleyia xanthophrysYellow-browed OxylabesPasseriformesSylvidae
Cuculus rochiiThick-billed CuckooCuculiformesCuculidaehambosangaYes
Cyanolanius madagascarinusBlue vangaPasseriformesVangidaebolokibeNo
Cypsiurus parvusAfrican palm-swiftApodiformesApodidaetsidintsidinaNo
Dendrocygna viduataWhite faced whistling duckAnseriformesDendrocygnidae
Dicrurus forficatusCrested DrongoPasseriformesDicruridaetsingetryNo
Dromaeocercus brunneusBrown EmutailPasseriformesSylvidaejijimaitso
Dromaeocercus seebohmiGrey EmutailPasseriformesSylvidae
Dryolimans cuvieriWhite-throated RailGruiformesRallidaevorotrandrakaNo
Dryolimnas cuvieriWhite-throated RailGruiformesRallidaevorotrandrakaNo
Egretta ardesiacaBlack heronCiconiiformesArdeidae
Euryceros prevostiiHelmet vangaPasseriformesVangidaepatsatsatralaYes
Eurystomus glaucurusBroad-billed RollerCoraciiformesCoraciidaekirioNo
Eutriorchis asturMadagascar Serpent-EagleFalconiformesAccipitridaepapangoYes
Falco concolorSooty falconFalconiformesFalconidaetsipoy
Falco eleonoraeEleonora's falconFalconiformesFalconidaetsikoza
Falco newtoniMadagascar kestrelFalconiformesFalconidaeroateloNo
Falco peregrinusPeregrine falconFalconiformesFalconidaeNo
Falco zoniventrisBanded kestrelFalconiformesFalconidaeakanga
Falculea palliataSickle-billed vangaPasseriformesVangidae
Foudia madagascariensisMadagascar Red FodyPasseriformesPloceidaehorovanaYes
Foudia omissaForest FodyPasseriformesPloceidaedroadroakaYes
Gallinago macrodactylaMadagascar SnipeCharadriiformesRallidaevano
Gallinula chloropusCommon moorhenGruiformesMonarchidaekikimavo
Glareola ocularisMadagascar PratincolePasseriformesGlareolidaekekakekaYes
Haliaeetus vociferoidesMadagascar fish-eagleFalconiformesAccipitridae
Hartertula flavoviridisWedge-tailed JerryPasseriformesSylvidaevangamena
Hartlaubius auratusMadagascar StarlingPasseriformesSturnidaeporetikaYes
Hypositta corallirostrisNuthatch VangaPasseriformesVangidaebolokikelyYes
Hypossita corallirostrisNuthatch VangaPasseriformesVangidaebolokikelyYes
Hypsipetes madagascariensisMadagascar Black BubulPasseriformesPycnonotidaetretreka, tsikatekatekaNo
Ipsidina madagascariensisMadagascar Pygmy KingfisherCoraciiformesAlcedinidaetsakoko mangaYes
Ispidina madagascariensisMadagascar Pygmy KingfisherCoraciiformesAlcedinidaetsakoko mangaYes
Leptopterus chabertChabert's VangaPasseriformesVangidaetorotorokaYes
Leptopterus viridisWhite-headed VangaPasseriformesVangidaevivy, kiboranoYes
Leptosomus discolorCuckoo RollerCoraciiformesLeptosomatidaetolohoNo
Lonchura nanaMadagascar MannikinPasseriformesEstrildidaetserikalamboYes
Lophotibis cristataMadagascar crested ibisCiconiiformesThreskiornithidaeNo
Margaroperdrix madagascariensisCoraciiformesMeropidae
Merops superciliosusMadagascar Bee-eaterCoraciiformesMeropidaetaotaonkafoNo
Mesitornis unicolorBrown MesiteGruiformesMesitomithidaemanganahitraYes
Mesitornis variegataWhite-breasted mesiteGruiformesMesitomithidae
Milvus migransBlack KiteFalconiformesAccipitridaehitsikitsikaNo
Mirafra hovaMadagascar LarkPasseriformesAlaudidae
Motacilla flaviventrisMadagascar WagtailPasseriformesMotacillidaeasityYes
Mystacornis crossleyiCrossley's BabblerPasseriformesTimaliidaemokazavonamavoYes
Nectarinia notataLong-billed green sunbirdPasseriformesNectariniidaefodialaNo
Nectarinia souimangaSouimanga sunbirdPasseriformesNectariniidaezafindrasityNo
Neodrepanis coruscansSunbird-AsityPasseriformesPhilepittidaefarifotramaintyYes
Neodrepanis hypoxanthusYellow-bellied Sunbird-AsityPasseriformesPhilepittidaefodimenaYes
Neomixis striatigulaStripe-throated jeryPasseriformesSylvidaefitadrorangaYes
Neomixis tenellaCommon JeryPasseriformesTimaliidaesiketribeYes
Neomixis viridisGreen JeryPasseriformesTimaliidaefarifotramenaYes
Nesillas typicaMadagascar Brush-WarblerPasseriformesStrigidaejijimaintyNo
Newtonia amphichroaDark newtoniaPasseriformesSylvidaevangasoratraYes
Newtonia brunneicaudaCommon newtoniaPasseriformesSylvidaeYes
Newtonia fanovanaeRed-tailed newtoniaPasseriformesSylvidae
Ninox superciliarisWhite-browed boobookStrigiformesStrigidaeYes
Numida maleagrisHelmeted guineafowlGalliformesNumididaeakohon-drano, otrikaNo
Numida meleagrisHelmeted guineafowlGalliformesNumididaeakohon-drano, otrikaNo
Nycticorax nycticoraxBlack crowned night-heronCiconiiformesArdeidaeNo
Oena capensisNamaqua doveColumbiformesColumbidae
Oriolia bernieriBernier's vangaPasseriformesCorvidaeYes
Otus ratilusMalagasy Scops-OwlStrigiformesStrigidaeNo
Otus rutilusMalagasy Scops-OwlStrigiformesStrigidaeNo
Oxylabes madagascariensisWhite-throated OxylabesPasseriformesTimaliidaevangamaintilohaYes
Oxylabes madagascariensis inexpectatusWhite-throated OxylabesPasseriformesTinaliidaevangamaintilohaYes
Phalacrocorax africanusLong-tailed cormorantPelecaniformesPhalacrocoracidaevorondoloNo
Phedina borbonicaMascarene MartinPasseriformesHirundinidaeolioly
Philepitta castaneaVelvet asityPasseriformesPhilepittidaefody sahyYes
Philepitta casteneaVelvet asityPasseriformesPhilepittidaefody sahyYes
Phyllastrephus cinereicepsGrey-crowned GreenbulPasseriformesPycnonotidaeYes
Phyllastrephus madagascariensisLong-billed GreenbulPasseriformesPycnonotidaemarotainaYes
Phyllastrephus tenebrosusDusky greenbulPasseriformesPycnonotidaevorontainaomby
Phyllastrephus zosteropsSpectacled GreenbulPasseriformesPycnonotidaetsintsinaYes
Ploceus nelicourviNelicourvi WeaverPasseriformesPloceidaefarifotramavoYes
Polyboroides radiatusMadagascar Harrier-HawkFalconiformesAccipitridaefandrasabeYes
Pseudobias wardiWard's shrike-flycatcherPasseriformesPlatysteiridaesohihy mangavolaYes
Pseudocossyphus sharpeiForest Rock-ThrushPasseriformesMuscicapidaezafindrasityYes
Rallus madagascariensisMadagascar RailGruiformesRallidae
Randia pseudozosteropsRand's warblerPasseriformesSylvidaetalapiotanyYes
Riparia paludicolaPlain martinPasseriformesHirundinidaetriotrio
Rostratula benghalensisGreater painted-snipeCiconiiformesRostratulidae
Sarothrura insularisMadagascar flufftailGruiformesRallidaegoaika
Sarothrura watersiSlender-billed flufftailGruiformesRallidaerailovy, dronga
Saxicola torquataCommon stonechatPasseriformesTurdidaevangamanga
Schetba rufaRufous VangaPasseriformesVangidaepatsatsatraYes
Schetha rufaRufous VangaPasseriformesVangidaepatsatsatraYes
Scopus umbrettaHamerkop, HammerheadCiconiiformesScopidaeakoholahinala
Streptopelia picturataMadagascar TurtledoveColumbiformesColumbidaefinengoNo
Tachybaptus pelzelniiMadagascar Lesser GrebePodicipediformesPodicipedidae
Terpsiphone mutataMadagascar Paradise FlycatcherPasseriformesMonarchidaesoimangaNo
Treron australisMadagascar green-pigeonColumbiformesColumbidaevintsiranoNo
Turnix nigricollisMadagascar buttonquailTurniciformesTurnicidaeYes
Tylas eduardiTylas VangaPasseriformesPycnonotidaevano mainty, kinkimavoYes
Tyto albaBarn owlStrigiformesTytonidae
Tyto soumagneiMadagascar red owlStrigiformesTytonidaeYes
Upupa epopsEurasian hoopoeCoraciiformesUpupidae
Vanga curvirostrisHook-billed VangaPasseriformesVangidaetodikarasokaYes
Xenopirostris polleniPollen's vangaPasseriformesCorvidaefotsimaso
Zoonavena grandidieriMadagascar Spine-tailed SwiftApodiformesApodidaematoriandroNo
Zosterops maderaspatanaMadagascar White-eyePasseriformesZosteropidaevorondoloNo


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Beautifully illustrated with full color photographs throughout, Madagascar Wildlife is a celebration of the unique fauna of a remarkable island and the perfect accompaniment to Bradt's popular general travel guide, Madagascar.


RECENT NEWS

Mining and biodiversity offsets in Madagascar

(08/30/2009) Rio Tinto's ilmenite mine in southeastern Madagascar is among the largest on the planet. At peak capacity, its owners say, it could produce as much as 2 million tons of the stuff—worth roughly $100 a ton—each year, to be shipped off and smelted abroad. What's left of it after refining—some 60 percent of the ore that arrives from Madagascar—will be sold for $2000 a ton as titanium dioxide, a pigment used in everything from white paint and tennis court lines to sunscreen and toothpaste.


Destruction worsens in Madagascar

(08/20/2009) Armed bands are decimating rainforest reserves in northeastern Madagascar, killing lemurs and intimidating conservation workers, despite widespread condemnation by international environmental groups.


Appalling photos reveal lemur carnage in Madagascar

(08/20/2009) New pictures released by Conservation International depict a troubling development in Madagascar: the emergence of a commercial bushmeat market for lemurs. In the aftermath of a March coup that saw Madagascar's president replaced at gunpoint by the capital city's mayor, Madagascar's reserves — especially in the northern part of the country — were ravaged by illegal loggers. Armed bands, financed by foreign timber traders, went into Marojejy and Masoala national parks, harvesting valuable hardwoods including rosewood and ebonies. Without support from the central government — or international agencies that pulled aid following the coup — there was no one to stop the carnage. But now it emerges that timber wasn't the only target.


Saving the tsingy forests in Madagascar

(08/17/2009) After the success of their Sahafina Forest project, Biodiversity Conservation Madagascar is now branching out to the tsingy forest of Beanka, a project set to launch in October this year. Biodiversity Conservation Madagascar (BCM) has been granted a 25-year lease on a 14,000-hectare area of dry hardwood forest, the Beanka tsingy, situated 75 km east of Maintirano in western Madagascar. 'Tsingy' are spectacular razor-sharp limestone pinnacles found on the west and north of the island, formed by acidic rain erosion. The deciduous forests that inhabit them are characterized by high plant and animal endemism. The Malagasy organization plans to apply the same principles here – protection of the forest, socio-economic development and forest restoration – that brought them success with their last project, the 2,500-hectare forest block of Sahafina on Madagascar’s east coast.


Lessons from the crisis in Madagascar, an interview with Erik Patel

(08/11/2009) On March 17th of this year the President of Madagascar, Marc Ravalomanana, resigned his post. This made way for Andry Rajoelina, mayor of Madagascar's capital, to install himself as president with help from the military. The unrest and confusion that usually accompanies such a coup brought disaster on many of Madagascar's biological treasures. Within days of Ravalomanana's resignation, armed gangs, allegedly funded by Chinese traders, entered two of Madagascar's world-renowned national parks, Marojejy and Masoala parks, and began to log rosewood, ebonies, and other valuable hardwoods. The pillaging lasted months but the situation began to calm down over the summer. Now that the crisis in Madagascar has abated—at least for the time being—it's time to take stock. In order to do so, Mongabay spoke to Erik Patel, an expert on the Critically Endangered Silky Sifaka and frequent visitor to Madagascar, to find out what the damage looks like firsthand and to see what lessons might be learned.


Despite violent protests and coup, Daewoo continues to hold cropland in Madagascar

(06/19/2009) Despite violent protests that have left more than 100 dead and led to the ouster of a democratically-elected president, Daewoo Logistics Corp. continues to hold 218,000 hectares of cropland in Madagascar, according to a new campaign by Rainforest Rescue.


Conservation success in Madagascar proves illusory in crisis

(06/12/2009) Despite the popularity he enjoyed abroad, domestic support for ousted president Marc Ravalomanana eroded rather quickly last February when he went head to head with Andry Rajoelina, the rookie mayor of Madagascar's capital. Rajoelina rallied disparate opposition groups to the cause and soon toppled the incumbent to become, at his own proclamation, President of the "High Authority of Transition." For the country as a whole, the results have not been encouraging. The tourism industry has shriveled to a shadow of itself, important donors have suspended non-humanitarian aid, and a power vacuum has set in in remote regions of the island, wreaking havoc on some of its most fragile and prized ecosystems.


Forest Recovery Programs in Madagascar

(06/01/2009) Despite being one of the last habitable land masses on earth to be settled by man, Madagascar has lost more of its forests than most countries; less than 10% of its original forest cover now remains, and much of that is degraded. Political turmoil that erupted earlier this year continues to rumble on and the ensuing lawlessness has created the opportunity for illegal logging syndicates to plunder national parks, most notably Marojejy and Masoala, for valuable hardwoods and wildlife.


Approximately 200 new frogs discovered in Madagascar threatened by political instability

(05/11/2009) Amid the amphibian extinction crisis—where amphibians worldwide are disappearing due to habitat loss, pollution, and a devastating fungal epidemic—the Spanish Scientific Research Council (CSIC) has announced some good news. In a survey of the island-nation of Madagascar they have identified between 129 and 221 new species of frogs. The discovery of so many new species nearly doubles the island's total number of frogs.

More news


This portable guide offers a full survey of all Madagascar's mammals, both endemic and introduced, including many newly identified species. With vivid color photographs, line illustrations, and maps, Mammals of Madagascar: A Complete Guide is an essential book for any visitor.


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